Questions about Studying Volcanoes

1. I want to learn about volcanoes.

2. Can you tell me how scientists read siesmometers and Richter scales?

3. I am also interested in simulation programs, perhaps it is possible to get more information about this them.

4. Is studying a volcano a dangerous job?

5. I am interested in learning about undersea volcanism?

6. Can you give me some references on Mt. Pinatubo?

7. Where can one obtain a listing of the substances released by a volcanic eruption?

8. What are the most significant things we've learned about volcanoes since the eruption of Mount St. Helens?

9. Please provide some literature references on Arenal.

10. What is a Global Positioning System (GPS) and does it work?

11. Where should I start looking for information on volcanic hazards maps?

12. Which method of volcano prediction is the most useful and reliable?

13. Are there safer methods of monitering and predicting future eruptions?

14. I would like a list of all methods of prediction of Volcanic events.

15. Do you know of any sulphur isotope data for SO2 or aerosol SO4 for the May 1980 eruption?

16. What preventative measures can be taken to prevent damage and loss of life once volcanologist predict an eruption?

17. Is there a service you know of that they can check in to see what is happening on a day-to-day basis?

18. I am a grad student and i need a few samples of volcanic ash for my research.

19. Is it possible to determine how much magma is beneath a volcano?

20. How do volcanologist predict the eruption of a volcano?

21. How does one know if a volcano is going to give pyroclastic emissions or not?

22. Which volcano(s) are under most stress at the moment?

23. How many volcanologists have been killed while studying volcanoes?

24. Is smoke a fair indication of imminent major volcanic activity?

25. Where are the zones of high volcanic activity?

26. What is the relationship of volcanoes to hot springs, to geysers, and to geothermal energy?

27. Do hot spots in the earth's mantle ever burn out?

28. How do scientists know that lava and magma come from the earth's mantle?

29. Can anyone tell me when or who the first undersea volcanoe was discovered? How is research done on undersea volcanoes?

30. How are volcanoes formed?

31. I would like to do some work with volcanos and the hazards associated with them.

32. Do you know somebody in Europe that could give me a subject of thesis speaking about volcanoes, or such a subject that I could propose to my teachers here ?

33. I have been doing research on John Whitehead's Fluid Model of Geological Hotspots. I have been having trouble locating any papers recently written on this subject.

34. I've taken a degree in Geology (volcanology) in Florence(Italy) and now i'm looking for a scholarship outside of Italy... Can you help me find it or send me alist of scholarships in volcanology you know?

35. Did the earthquakes before the eruption help to predict the magnitude of the blast?

36. I would like to build my 5 year old son a working model of a volcano, but I don't know how to do it. Could you please help me?

37. I am not clear on the differences between the major types of volcanos.

38. How do you go into a volcano when it is hot? Do you wear special clothes?

39. Is it exciting to study volcanoes?

40. Do you have any ideas on researching for data on calderas?

41. I'm interesting in : Training Courses in volcano monitoring at CSAV

42. How are volcanic hot spots relevant to the plate tectonic model?

43. What methods of predicting volcanic eruptions exist?

44. Is there a list of really top schools to go to for studying volcanology? And how hard is it to get a job in the volcanology sector?

45. Hello, for a school project I am required to analyse a time line which displays the eruption dates of volcanos around the world.

46. Why did you choose to study volcanology?
47. In middle school I built a model volcano that used some type of crystal/powder that produced a cloud of smoke and ash cinders that made a very realistic eruption. Using a can as the crater of a model volcano I poured the crystals into the can, light them with a match and produced a dense smoke that dropped black cinders. Unfortunately I can't recall what the chemical was and no one seems to have any idea! Can you help?

48. What are the causes for volcanoes?

49. What are some preventions or something to lessen the effect to stop a volcano to erupt? or to minimise its impact?

50. How successful have volcanologists and seismologists been in predicting eruptions and protecting people? What are the challenges for the next Century?

51. What are the four major types of volcanoes

52. In the past, the earth's volcanic activity was much more active, why has it decreased in destructional power today?

53. What is some of the research conducted on volcanoes?

54. What is the highest active volcano?

55. Do you have information about the biggest volcano?

56. Could the present conditions on Montserrat constitute another Krakatau?

57. What causes a volcano to erupt?

58. Can you compare Mt Pinatubo and Soufriere Hills? Can that comparision help in predicting the date of a major eruption?

59. How does a volcano form?

60. What type of volcano is Mauna Loa?

61. What is the inside of a volcano made of?

62. I am trying to find out if there is an upward or downward trend in volcanic activity when comparing the 19th century to the 20th century.

63. This disease is called pneumonoultramicroscopicsiliicovolicanoconiosis. Have you ever heard of it and if so, WHERE can I find info on it ?

64. Why do volcanoes erupt?

65. I am doing a project about volcanic/geothermal energy.

66. Is the volcano Santorini considered active?

67. There is an active underwater volcano in the Caribbean called "kick 'em jenny" between the islands of Grenada and St. Vincent.

68. Can you please tell me all you can about strato volcanoes ?

69. Could the current activity at Montserrat become another Vesuvius

70. What is a volcanic eruption?

71. Can a normal mountain (like K2 or everest) become a volcano?

72. Does recent activity on Montserrat and "el Popo" increase the likelihood of activity in Costa Rica?

73. Is the Montserrat eruption and the recent increase of seismic activity at Nevis related?

74. What are the top 10 most active volcanoes in the world?

75. Do you know of any factors which affect the distribution of volcanoes?

76. Is there a connection between El Nino and volcanic activity?

77. why does volcanic activity vary in nature over the earths surface?

78. My neighbor's school class is discussing the volcano at Monserrat and the kids want to about the volcano we are sitting on here in Bermuda.

79. What's it like inside of a volcano?

80. Why aren't more volcanoes used for geotheral energy?

81. I am looking for information about extinct, dormant or active volcanoes

82. I need information about Mount Vesuvius . . .

83. Can a volcano be stopped?

84. what is a volcano made of?

85. can any bacteria survive in a volcano

86. what are the techniques and strategy to monitor a volcano?

87. what are the volcanic hazard?

88. Is there any way to measure volcanoes?

89. How big is the caldera in diameter of the Ijen, Java volcano?

90. Students at PS 25 in Jersey City want to know how hot it is inside a volcano.

91. I want to know how a volcano is formed in detail with pictures will be the best

92. Why do volcanoes erupt?

93. What type of eruption occured in Montserrat?

94. How do volcanoes erupt?

95. It would be really good if you could sent me or direct me to an up to date list of most volcanoes world wide.

96. is a volcano ever truely extinct.

97. how do I know the difference from a cinder cone, a shield, and a composite cone?

98. Why do volcanoes eruptand what is a volcanoe

99. Has there been, in the last twenty years, a trend of increase in volcanic activity

100. Why do volcanos erupte and how are they made?

101. What are some ways that we can protect ourselfs from volcanoes?

102. How does a volcano evolve?

103. have the volcano eruption relationship with astronomic events?

104. Could plate movement or major earthquake cause a inactive volcano to become active again?

105. In which circumstances is a volcano called 'dead'?

106. Can you tell me if there was an active volcano in Egypt or Sinai

107. I need some info. on shield volcanoes.

108. Do you know something about the underwater volcano in front or near the Grenada Island?

109. I am doing a school Report on Mount Pinatubo and I need some info on it's history.

110. How do the crystals form inside the magma chamber form?

111. How do earthquake waves result in volcanoes?

112. What information do you have Kick-em'-Jenny?

113. How are volcanic eruptions predicted, especially in Hawaii?

114. What type of plate margin formed Mount Etna?

115. What volcano belt is Mt. Pelee a part of?

116. can you please explain the relationship between andesitic rock and stratovolcanoes.

117. why do vocanos erupt?

118. How many different volcanoes are there in the world today and what types of eruptions are there?

119. What's the name of the southern most volcanoe in the world ,which is 4023 m high?

120. How do you know when a volcano is going to erupt?

121. Is there a way to prevent an eruption or lessen the effect of one?

122. What are the instruments used to predict a volcanic eruption and what do they do?

123. What causes porous volcanic rock?

124. What produced steam explosions in the early days of Surtsey?

125. the question is tell me about mt.kilimanjaro

126. regarding Mt.Pelee. There is little info. Need to know what scientists have stuidied this one.

127. can volcanoes form anywhere at all?

128. I am a 9th grade student and I am doing an earth science report on where the most underwater volcanoes take place on earth

129. What are the plate tectonics for a shield, strato, and cinder cone volcano?

130. I need information about the origin of volcanoes and about its impacts on planets.

131. What are some ways of prventing or reducing volcanic damage?

132. Mt Unzen in particular in connection with the 1792 eruption.

133. Why after almost 400 years of dormancy has the volcano on the carribean island of Montserrat errupted so frequently over the past two years?

134. is Krakatoa an active volcano?

135. Where can I find information on Deception Island and its activity.

136. What is the largest Volcanoes on Earth , Mars and Venus?

137. Can you tell a volcano's history by examining it?

138. What are the Kinds of volcanoes in the Philippines?

139. We are studying volcanoes and I would like to know if Lassen Peak is a cinder cone

140. I need to know some basic information on the volcano in Soufriere Hill, Montserrat.

141. What is the difference between a erupting volcano and a non-erupting volcano??

142. what type of volcano is Krakatoa

143. is mount vesuvius having any activity?

144. Is there any place where I can get updated ground deformation rates?

145. I was wondering what your feelings are about Mt Rainier and when she may blow?

146. How long does it take before a volcano is considered "dead"

147. What is the oldest volcano?

148. How do the crystals form inside the magma chamber form?

149. Would you please summarize the general process involved in the creation of volcanoes?

150. How long is it estimated before Hawii becomes dormant and in turn submerged?

151. What things can be done to reduce the amount of harmful effects caused by a volcanic eruption?

152. HOW ARE VOLCANOS FORMED

153. What is the latitude and the longitude of Krakatau

154. Where is the Ring of fire

155. how soon can volcanoes be pridicted and how?

156. We haven't been able to find out how this was used and what actually happens to the conductivity as the rocks are stressed and unstressed.

157. what are the different kinds of volcanoes?

158. When do scientists think Olympus Mons did or will erupt?<

159. Can you tell me the difference between this boundary and the center of the Earth?

160. Why did Mt. Vesuvius errupt in AD 79 ?

161. How are volcanoes eruption measured?

162. How would you know whether a rock had been formed from a volcanic eruption?

163. Where can i find specific references bout GPS and gravity method for monitoring volcano?

164. I would like to know if anyone knows approximately how many volcanoes are underwater? And are all mountains formed from volcanoes? Is the earth's land mass a result of volcanoes?

165. When did volcanolologists begin to use tiltmeters, seismometers and instruments to measured gas emission?

166. Is there a camp where I could study volcanoes before I graduate from high school

167. My husband and I are interested in the study of volcanoes. Where could I find more information on where volcanologists are needed?

168. How do I get involved in the study of volcanoes?

169. Hi, My name is James. I am at primary school in Auckland NZ. (Year 5 - Standard 3) We are studying Mt Erebus for a school project. I would like to get some pictures of Mt Erebus, information on it's past eruptions, what sort of rocks it is made from. How long ago it formed. Is it active, dormant or extinct and any other general information that you may have.

170. Can volcanic eruptions be predicted?

171. Right now I'm doing a research persuasive paper and I'm doing it on predictions of volcanoes and how they can save lives. Now I was focusing on Mount St. Helens and the events that took place and what was done to warn people and get them out of harms way. My main question is, is there any kind of controversy in the prediction of volcanic eruptions, or on the effectiveness of them?

172. Do you have to go down in the volcano to take samples or do you send a machine down to explore?

173. How is greenstone volcanism different from today's. Obviously granite is different in chemical make-up from today's ignieous rocks but why? Does this have to do with the fact that the Earth's crust was much younger 2-3 billion years ago ? From where in the Earth do Pre-cambrian rocks originate (ie. depth )? Can you point me in the direction of some reading material on this subject ? I'm not a student, just a volcanophile.

174. If I were looking for evidence of an inactive volcano, what would I look for?

175. What do you do when a volcanoe erupts while your studying the volcanoe? Why do you study volcanoes?

176. What is the most dangerous situatin you have ever been in? Describe what it was like and what you were feeling at that time.

177. How may the study of earthquakes and volcanoes help to ameliorate the hazards they represent to people?

178. What happens to the magma chamber when a volcano goes dormant?

179. I am trying to compare volcanology on Mars, with volcanology on Earth, which case studies should I concentrate on in particular (considering I need to examine about 12)?

180. What is the structure of a volcano? And where on the web can I get a good picture of the layout?

181. If I were to send a team to an isolated, previously unmapped volcano; what equipment would they need to employ and why?

182. What do you consider to have been the main advances made in the studies of volcanoes in the last 50 years?

183. How do you recognize a volcano it it has not erupted for a long, long time?

184. How do you tell the age or dates of eruptions of volcanoes with so many assumptions in the carbon dating method?

185. Could send me some information on the comparsion of the instruments that volcanologists used to study volcanoes in the past and the instruments they use now.

186. What historical information could you provide about tools and methods used in the past compared to the present to predict volcanic eruptions?

187. How do you measure a volcano?

188. Do volcanologists get to actually go down inside a volcano?

189. What does a stratocone type volcano look like?

190. How do you know if a volcano is going to erupt?

191. What's the role of sulfur dioxide in the eruption of the volcanoes?

192. What do volcanoes have to do with chemistry?

193. What is the background on the ultra-light rock on the slopes of some of the Hawaiian volcanoes that is so fragile one can crush it within one's hand? How is it formed?

194. Where can we find data (wind speed, atmospheric viscosity, etc.) for past volcanoes?

195. How was the Ring of Fire discovered?

196. I would I go about becoming a volcanologist?

197. What is the relation between the amount of gas the nature of the eruption?

198. When a volcano is not erupting, what are volcanologists doing?

199. What are the similarities and differences of Kilauea and Rainier?

200. How long in advance can a volcanic eruption be predicted?

201. Are there different levels of severity for volcanoes?

202. How did people predict volcanoes back in ancient times?

203. How do you calculate the mas eruption rate, velocity and time duration of any plinian eruption?

204. How do volcanoes help scientists learn about the Earth's interior?

205. What changes to water might indicate an impending volcanic event?

206. How do volcanoes become extinct?

207. Why do sceientists do experiment with lava?

208. How do you track activity associated with a volcano?

209. How much time does the magma take to reach the top of the volcano?

210. What types of lava did the following volcanoes have?

211. How are underwater volcanoes researched?

212. Why do volcanologists study only volcanoes that are active now and not volcanoes that were active long ago in the past?

213. What did the residents and scientists learn from the Krakatau explosion?

214. How is the lava in a lava tube meaured?

215. How do you calculate the height of a collapsed volcano if you only have the diameter of the caldera and the type of volcano that it was?

216. I have seen volcanologists throw something into magma, then pull it out fast. What is it?

217. Has a volcanologists every invented any equipment to go inside a volcano yet?

218. What would be the optimal remote sensing devices that could be used to search for thermal data of volcanoes?

219. What projects use fractal geometry and dynamical systems theory to model volcanism?

220. Has anyone ever gotten hurt in studying a volcano?

221. When did volcanologists start to use instruments?

222. What are some of the major information we have learned from volcanoes? What do we still have to learn?

223. How do volcanoes begin to form?