My daughter is doing a report on Mont Pelee. She needs to give a
3 minute presentation. The only problem is there is really no
information in our local libraries. So far, she only has 1 min.
worth of info. I need help! I need info that a 5th grader can
understand. Hope you can email me (or fax) so sold info. Following
is a list of questions that need to be answered:
Height and width of volcano
location
current status
history
type of eruption
famous eruption
# of recorded eruptions
effects on nearly population
any other important information or facts
Dear Leslie:
Mount Pelee (location: 14.8 N, 61.1 W) is an active stratovolcano on the
north end of the island of Martinique, in an arc of small islands called
the Lesser Antilles, in the West Indies. The volcano rises 4,584 feet
(1,397 m) above sea level and is 9 miles (15 km) across. It rises 9,000
feet (2,743 m) above the sea floor. A crater at the summit of the
volcano is 3,300 feet (1,000 m) in diameter. The domes from the 1902 and
1929 eruptions were extruded within this crater. Fifteen know eruptions
occurred between 7,225 years ago and 1,460 years ago. Mount Pelee
erupted five times since 1635 AD, most recently in 1932. Explosive
eruptions at Mount Pelee originate from a central vent and produce
pyroclastic flows. Many eruptions constructed volcanic domes. The two
most recent eruptions, which began in 1902 and 1929, produced volcanic
spines.
Mount Pelee is famous for the May 8, 1902, eruption which generated a
nuee ardente that
buried the town of Saint Pierre.
The town's 28,000 inhabitants were killed. A second large pyroclastic
flow reached the ruins of the town on May 20. Several others eruptions
produced pyroclastic flows. A large pyroclastic flow on August 30 buried
the town of Morne Rouge, killing 1,000 people. A volcanic spine began to
grow above the vent in November of 1902. In seven months, the spine grew
1,150 feet (350 m) tall and then fell apart rapidly. Activity ended in
October 1905. A detailed account of the 1902 eruption is presented in
Peter Francis' book called Volcanoes.
Steve Mattox, University of North Dakota
Sources of Information:
Decker, R., and Decker, B., 1989, Volcanoes: W.H. Freeman, New York, 285 p.
Francis, P., 1994, Volcanoes a planetary perspective: Oxford University
Press, New York, 443 p.
LaCroix, A., 1904, La Montagne Pelee et ses eruptions: Paris, Masson et
Cie, 662 p.
Perret, F.A., 1937, The eruption of Mount Pelee 1929-32: Carnegie
Institution of Washington, No. 458. Washington, DC, 126 p.
Robson, G.R., and Tomblin, J.F., 1966, Catalogue of the active volcanoes
of the world including solfatara fields, Part XX West Indies:
International Association of Volcanology, Rome, Italy, 55 p.
Simkin, T., and Siebert, L., 1994, Volcanoes of the world: Geoscience
Press, Tucson, Arizona, 349 p.
Smith, A.S., and Roobol, M.J., 1990, Mt. Pelee Martinique; A study of an
active island-arc volcano: Geological Society of America Memoir 175,
Boulder, Colorado, 105 p.