Test Chapter 2

Earthquakes and Volcanoes

Complete each section of the test. DO NOT HIT ENTER after completing a section of the test. Just move to the next section and when you have completed all of the sections go to the bottom of the test and click on the Grade Test button. If you would like to redo the test and erase all of the answers then click on the START OVER button.

Please type your name in the Name box.


Name

    Select the correct answer from the answers in the boxes, each answer is used only once.

    1. Fault A. gods and goddesses of ancient mythology
    2. Focus B. Exact point of origin of an earthquake. Usually found deep under the surface of the Earth.
    3. Magnitude C. The point on the surface of the Earth directly above the earthquake.
    4. Tsunami D. Long crack in the crust of Earth.
    5. Pele, Vulcan, and Kashima E. measure of the strength of an earthquake
    6. Epicenter F. Seismic sea wave caused by an earthquake, hurricane, or underwater landslide.
    7. Compression-Shear-Surface G. The three types of earthquake waves.





    8. Volcano A. A volcano that has not erupted in recorded time and is not considered to do so.
    9. Dormant Volcano B. An opening in the surface of the Earth in which molten rock and gas can escape
    10. Extinct Volcano C. Bowl shaped depression located at the top of the main vent in a volcano
    11. Magma D. Molten rock found on the surface of the Earth
    12. Lava E. A volcano that is resting
    13. Conduit F. Molten rock found under the surface of the Earth
    14. Crater G. The main passageway for magma in a volcano

    Questions 15-18, Click on the button in front of the correct answer for each question.

    15. Name the three ways that volcanoes form and describe the process of formation for each.

    1. Volcanoes can form at a transverse fault. This cracks the surface of the Earth, allowing magma to rise to the surface and produce a volcano.
    2. Volcanoes can form between fault-block mountains. The raised block allows magma to flow to the surface. This rising magma will produce a volcano.
    3. Volcanoes can form under large ice sheets. The ice expands and cracks the ground. Magma rises through these cracks and pushes through the ice to form a volcano.

    1. Volcanoes can form at subduction zones where two plates collide, one being driven down into the mantle and the other riding over the top. This causes the lithospheric plate to melt and being less dense than the rock in the mantle it will rise. This rising magma will produce a volcano.
    2. Volcanoes can form at a mid-ocean ridge. When the two plates separate magma fills the void and a volcano is produced. These chains of volcanic mountains are the longest mountain chain in the world.
    3. Volcanoes can also form at a hot spot.

    1. Volcanoes can form at areas of mountain folding. This applies pressure from both sides, squeezing magma to the surface. This rising magma will produce a volcano.
    2. Volcanoes can form under geysers. The geyser allows magma to rise to the surface and build a volcanoe.
    3. Volcanoes can form in your ears, if you don't clean them enough.

    16. Why do earthquakes occur?

    Earthquakes occur because the Earth's plate are in motion. The plates do not move smoothly and evenly. Great stresses build up along the plate boundaries. When a plate moves suddenly a great amount of energy is released in the form of wave energy. These waves are what cause the damage from an earthquake.

    A giant catfish named Namazu shakes violently under the surface of the Earth from time to time.

    Earthquakes occur because tsunamis hit the coastline, violently shaking nearby rocks.

    17. Where do most of the world's earthquakes occur?

    At hot spots.

    At areas of mountain building on the inner continent.

    Along plate boundaries. The main earthquake zones are the Circum-Pacific belt that stretches around the rim of the Pacific Ocean and the Alpide Belt in Europe and Asia.

    18. How does a volcano grow larger?

    Rock from underneath the volcano is pushed up as magma rises, continually raising the volcano.

    It drinks its milk.

    Volcanoes grow from their eruptions. When a volcano erupts it ejects lava, pyroclasts, or both that builds the cone larger and larger.

    19.-24. Label the parts of the volcano



    Match each letter with the correct part of the volcano.

    19. Magma Chamber 20. Conduit
    21. Dike 22. Crater
    23. Side Vent 24. Layers of lava and ash

    Other Lessons To VolcanoWorld